Brighter Times for Turkey?

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Despite the kinetic growth of Turkey's stock markets, equities remain cheap. The MSCI Barra Turkey index soared 61.8% year-to-date through July 23, making Turkey one of the top-performing emerging markets. Over the one-year period, the index skyrocketed 98.2%. However, according to S&P/Citigroup Global Equity Indices, Turkish equities sported a 12-month price-to-earnings ratio of only 11.4 as of June 29, vs. 14.6 for the Eurozone and 16.0 for the U.S.

"Turkey remains an emerging market, hence the risk premium," Grana notes. "Politics are still unstable, economic policies are not as institutionalized as in the West, and corporate governance, while improving, is still not that great. Hence, the low price multiples for Turkish stocks, despite good underlying earnings growth and some decent fundamentals." However, he adds that if AKP continues to be fiscally disciplined and attract foreign investors, the multiple will expand as the risk premium declines. "This is exactly what happened in Brazil, and Turkey is about five years behind Brazil," Grana says.

Climbing Deficit

Noting that Turkey's equity markets are dominated by financials and industrials, Mayo adds that, "Two-thirds of the free float [shares freely available on the market] is held by foreigners, which means we collectively have significant influence as far as issues such as corporate governance are concerned."

One major economic obstacle facing Turkey is its unwieldy current account deficit. According to Deutsche Bank Research, this deficit climbed steadily from $8 billion in 2003 to $31.3 billion last year, and could reach $33.1 billion in 2008.

Mayo believes overall risks in Turkey have eased. "The economy should continue to boom, supported by strong trade and domestic demand," he says. "Profits are strong—about 25% annually—and the market remains one of the cheapest emerging markets." The biggest risk facing Turkey's economy lies with the future policy of AKP, Grana says. "If they don't continue with market-friendly measures, Turkey goes backwards," he notes. "Also, if the global risk appetite for emerging-market assets decreases, due to exogenous incidents, Turkey will be hurt."

Member of the Club?

Turkey's multidecade struggle to join the EU has received much media attention, but Mayo doesn't think club membership is critical from a stock market perspective. "It is the economic integration that matters. For example, Turkey's trade agreement with the EU," he says. "What matters is that living standards in Turkey keep rising, and the current AKP policies, including the nation's relationship with the EU, are enabling this to happen." Grana believes Turkey will probably not be granted entry into the EU for at least another decade because of opposition from most European countries.

"[Yet,] as Turkey develops its economy and makes meaningful democratic reforms, the EU has to eventually accept it," he concludes. "Once that happens, Turkey will benefit immediately."

S&P has identified several stocks and funds for whom the development discussed above might have positive potential implications: Turkcell Iletisim (TKC), Acadian Emerging Markets Fund (AEMGX), Oppenheimer Developing Markets Fund (ODMAX), Fidelity Advisor Emerging Markets Fund (FAMKX), Fidelity Emerging Markets Fund (FEMKX), Dunham Emerging Markets Stock Fund (DAEMX), Quant Emerging Markets Fund (QEMAX), T. Rowe Price Emerging Europe & Mediterranean Fund (TREMX), SSgA Emerging Markets Fund (SSEMX), U.S. Global Investors Eastern European Fund (EUROX), and Morgan Stanley Emerging Markets Fund (MGEMX).

Ghosh is a reporter for Standard & Poor's Fund Advisor.