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1900
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RESEARCH LAB
General Electric creates America's first major industrial lab in a carriage house in Schenectady, N.Y.
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1901
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U.S. Steel formed, with $1 billion in capital, through a merger of 10 companies.
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1907
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BAKELITE
Chemist Leo Baekeland creates the first synthetic manmade substance.
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1907
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TRIODE
Inventor Lee De Forest patents the triode, one of the earliest vacuum tubes.
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1910
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SYNTHETIC RUBBER
Bayer begins small-scale production of synthesized rubber in Germany.
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1911
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TAYLORISM
Frederick Winslow Taylor publishes Principles of Scientific Management.
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1913
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ASSEMBLY LINE
Henry Ford introduces the first moving assembly Line at his Model T plant in Highland Park, Mich.
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1914
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Ford gives workers $5.00 for an eight-hour day, up from $2.34 for a nine-hour day, one year after introducing assembly line.
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1925
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Bell Labs is opened at 625 West St.
in New York.
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1930
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Smoot-Hawley tariff signed into law; Bank of United States fails.
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1934
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NYLON
DuPont chemist Wallace C. Carothers develops nylon.
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1936
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Economist John Maynard Keynes publishes
The General Theory.
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1942
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XEROX
Physicist Chester Carlson receives a patent for the process of electrophotography that led to the Xerox machine.
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1945
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In his report Science: The Endless Frontier, Vannevar Bush advocates strong government support of university research.
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1946
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ENIAC
The giant ENIAC computer is officially dedicated.
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1947
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TRANSISTOR
Walter Brattain, John Bardeen, and William Shockley discover the transistor.
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1953
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IBM introduces
the first of 700 series of computers.
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1956
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Sociologist William Whyte publishes
The Organization Man.
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1959
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ROBOT MANUFACTURING
A robotic arm is first used in industry, at a General Electric plant.
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1961
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IBM begins selling
its "golf ball"
Selectric typewriter.
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1967
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MICROCHIP
An early IBM chip hints at the semiconductor revolution to come.
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1970s
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SUPERCOMPUTER
Cray Research launches supercomputers for extraordinarily complex tasks.
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1971
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First microprocessor made by Intel.
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1982
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Japanese auto manufacturer Honda begins auto production at Marysville, Ohio.
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1986
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Microsoft goes public.
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1987
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U.S. trade deficit reaches a record $160 billion.
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1993
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Michael Hammer and James Champy publish Reengineering the Corporation.
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1993
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Marc Andreessen and team develop Mosaic internet browser, forerunner of Netscape, at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
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1997
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THINKING MACHINES?
Chess champion Garry Kasparov loses his rematch with IBM's Deep Blue computer.
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1998
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U.S. business investment in information technology accounts for 34% of total equipment spending and has grown at
an inflation-adjusted annual rate of
25% over the past three years.
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1990s
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INTERNET
The Internet is transformed from a resource for government and university researchers to a worldwide medium used by about 160 million people.
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